长期以来，不少国家以冻结特性为评价指标对融雪剂配方开展了研究，主要经历了三个阶段：第一代氯盐型融雪剂，它的种类主要包括MgCl2、CaCl2、NaCl等，但是对钢筋混凝土结构的危害非常大，也是引起钢筋腐蚀的重要因素之一；第二代非氯型融雪剂，主要有无机盐、乙酸钾、胺、醇等，但是由于其使用成本昂贵（约为氯化钠盐的8-10倍），没有被广泛采纳；第三代混合型融雪剂，主要有氯盐和非氯盐混合、氯盐和缓蚀剂混合，这类融雪剂的目标定位是实用、价廉、节能和环保，是目前新型环保融雪剂研制的重点方向。

  侵蚀性离子扩散进入混凝土内部引发钢筋的锈蚀，其本质上是发生在钢筋/混凝土界面的电化学过程。对复合型融雪剂而言，缓蚀离子的加入增大了钢筋/混凝土界面电极过程的复杂性，使得钢筋表面状态和钝化膜的组成和结构发生改变。侵蚀性离子作用下，钝化膜的破坏多是以点蚀萌生的形式发生，具有尺寸小、瞬时性强等特点，这为钢筋腐蚀发生判据的研究增加了难度。此外，缓蚀剂在混凝土微孔中的毛细吸附和凝聚作用会造成小孔堵塞效应，限制水分子的迁移，从而影响氯离子在混凝土中的扩散过程。因此，有必要研究新型环保融雪剂条件下氯离子和缓蚀离子参与的混凝土/钢筋界面电化学过程，和融雪剂中缓蚀剂作用下氯离子在混凝土中扩散的过程及其对氯离子扩散动力学的作用规律。

  因此，通过设计不同类型缓蚀剂的新型环保复合融雪剂，研究氯离子和缓蚀离子参与的电化学过程，明确钢筋腐蚀的临界判据，揭示了缓蚀剂对混凝土中氯离子扩散的影响。在电化学实验和钢筋腐蚀理论的基础上建立钢筋混凝土结构寿命的预测模型，形成融雪剂的环境可持续性评估技术。

For a long time, many countries have carried out research on snow-melting agent formulations with the evaluation index of freezing characteristics, and mainly experienced three stages: the first generation of chlorine salt-type snow-melting agent, which is mainly composed of MgCl2, CaCl2, NaCl and so on. However, it is very hazardous to the reinforced concrete structure, and also one of the most important factors causing corrosion of reinforcing steel; the second generation of non-chlorine-type snow-melting agent, which is mainly composed of inorganic salts, potassium acetate , amines, alcohols, etc., but because of its expensive cost of use (about 8-10 times of sodium chloride salt), it has not been widely adopted; the third generation of hybrid snow-melting agent, mainly chlorine salt and non-chlorine salt mixture, chlorine salt and corrosion inhibitor mixture, this type of snow-melting agent targeting practical, inexpensive, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, is the current development of a new type of environmentally friendly snow-melting agent is the focus of the direction of the research and development.

The diffusion of aggressive ions into the interior of concrete triggers the corrosion of steel reinforcement, which is essentially an electrochemical process occurring at the steel/concrete interface. For composite snowmelt, the addition of corrosion inhibiting ions increases the complexity of the electrode process at the rebar/concrete interface, making the surface state of the rebar and the composition and structure of the passivation film change. Under the action of aggressive ions, the destruction of passivation film mostly occurs in the form of pitting corrosion budding, which is characterized by small size and transient nature, which increases the difficulty for the study of rebar corrosion occurrence criterion. In addition, the capillary adsorption and cohesion of the corrosion inhibitor in the concrete micropores will cause a small pore blocking effect, which will limit the migration of water molecules, thus affecting the diffusion process of chloride ions in concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to study the electrochemical processes at the concrete/reinforcing steel interface involving chloride ions and corrosion inhibitor ions under the condition of new environmentally friendly snowmelt, and the process of chloride ion diffusion in concrete under the action of corrosion inhibitor in snowmelt and its effect law on the diffusion kinetics of chloride ions.

Therefore, by designing a new environmentally friendly composite snowmelt with different types of corrosion inhibitors, the electrochemical processes involved in chloride ions and corrosion inhibitor ions were investigated to clarify the critical criterion for rebar corrosion and to reveal the effect of corrosion inhibitors on the diffusion of chloride ions in concrete. On the basis of electrochemical experiments and reinforcing steel corrosion theory, a prediction model for the life span of reinforced concrete structures is established, and the environmental sustainability assessment technology of snowmelt is formed.