0.01mol偏钨酸铵((NH4)6H2W12O40·nH2O)、0.24mol硝酸铵(NH4NO3)、0.1mol甘氨酸(C2H5O2N)和0.0014mol硝酸镧(La(NO2O3)3)为起始原料溶于去离子水中。对于 PW(即纯钨)粉末合成,硝酸镧被排除在起始溶液中。通过连续搅拌几分钟获得均匀溶液。然后将制备的溶液加热直到燃烧开始。在短时燃烧过程中,会释放出大量的各种气体。随后,将这些产品研磨成粉末。 PW 和 WL10 粉末是通过在氢气流下将 SCS 合成的粉末在 700°C 下还原 2 小时获得的,所采用的加热速率为 5°C/分钟。然后通过在乙醇中机械研磨将还原后的 W 粉末分解。在 700 MPa 的单轴压力下,在没有任何粘合剂或润滑剂的情况下,将 W 粉末(通常为 4 g)压制成相对密度为~52% 的生坯(Φ15mm)。然后在不施加压力的情况下在流动的氢气下在钨网炉中烧结生坯。选择从 1200°C 到 1800°C 的不同烧结温度,恒定加热速率为 5°C/min,在每个烧结温度下保持时间为 0 分钟或 2 小时。温度上升到 1500°C 和 1650°C,WL10 的晶粒尺寸仍低于 1 μm,分别仅为 0.57 μm 和 0.93 μm。 当烧结温度达到 1800 °C 时,WL10 的晶粒尺寸约为 1.34 μm,表明 WL10 在高温下表现出出色的微观结构稳定性。对在 1500 °C 下烧结的 WL10 样品进行 TEM 分析。 表现出具有对比度差异的两个不同阶段。 STEM-EDX 元素映射图像表明可以明确地将暗相分配给 La2O3,将亮相分配给 W。STEM-EDX 图像进一步显示大多数 La2O3 颗粒是均匀分散的 在晶粒内部,一小部分位于晶界。 O 元素的均匀分布可能是由 TEM 样品的表面氧化引起的。
0.01mol ammonium metatungstate ((NH4)6H2W12O40·nH2O), 0.24mol ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), 0.1mol glycine (C2H5O2N) and 0.0014mol lanthanum nitrate (La(NO2O3)3) are the starting materials and dissolved in deionized water . For PW (i.e. pure tungsten) powder synthesis, lanthanum nitrate is excluded from the starting solution. A homogeneous solution is obtained by continuous stirring for several minutes. The prepared solution is then heated until combustion begins. In the short-term combustion process, a large amount of various gases will be released. Subsequently, these products are ground into powder. The PW and WL10 powders are obtained by reducing the powder synthesized by SCS at 700°C for 2 hours under a hydrogen flow, and the heating rate used is 5°C/min. Then the reduced W powder was decomposed by mechanical grinding in ethanol. Under a uniaxial pressure of 700 MPa, without any binder or lubricant, the W powder (usually 4 g) is pressed into a green body (Φ15mm) with a relative density of ~52%. The green body is then sintered in a tungsten mesh furnace under flowing hydrogen without applying pressure. Choose different sintering temperatures from 1200°C to 1800°C, the constant heating rate is 5°C/min, and the holding time at each sintering temperature is 0 minutes or 2 hours. When the temperature rises to 1500°C and 1650°C, the grain size of WL10 is still below 1 μm, which is only 0.57 μm and 0.93 μm, respectively. When the sintering temperature reaches 1800 °C, the grain size of WL10 is about 1.34 μm, indicating that WL10 exhibits excellent microstructure stability at high temperatures. TEM analysis was performed on the WL10 sample sintered at 1500 °C. Shows two different stages with contrast differences. The STEM-EDX element mapping image shows that the dark phase can be clearly assigned to La2O3 and the appearance to W. The STEM-EDX image further shows that most of the La2O3 particles are uniformly dispersed inside the grains, and a small part is located at the grain boundaries. The uniform distribution of O elements may be caused by the surface oxidation of the TEM sample.