使用透射电镜对氧化石墨烯厚度与单层微观结构进行表征。制备步骤：称取微量氧化石墨烯与改性氧化石墨烯固体，与一定量乙醇混合，经搅拌与超声使其分散均匀，观察其颜色，如颜色较深则加入一定量乙醇稀释处理，使分散液接近透明，然后进行测试。

Characterization of the thickness and single-layer microstructure of graphene oxide using transmission electron microscopy. Preparation steps: Weigh a small amount of graphene oxide and a modified graphene oxide solid, mix with a certain amount of ethanol, stir and sonicate to make it evenly dispersed, observe its color, and if the color is darker, add a certain amount of ethanol to dilute the solution, making it nearly transparent, and then conduct testing.