氢损伤也称氢脆，包括氢压引起的微裂纹、高温高压氢腐蚀、氢化物相或氢致马氏体相变、氢致塑性损失等。氢脆主要涉及金属韧性的降低，而氢损伤除涉及韧性降低和开裂外，还包括金属材料其它物理性能或化学性能的下降，因此含义更为广泛。

氢脆相关技术标准
 

标准名称：Evaluation of Pipeline and Pressure Vessel Steels for Resistance to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking
标准编号：NACE TM0284-2003
实施日期：2003-01-17
标准概述：This standard establishes a test method for evaluating the resistance of pipeline and pressure vessel plate steels to HIC caused by hydrogen absorption from aqueous sulfide corrosion. he test method consists of exposing unstressed test specimens to one of the two standard test solutions—either Solution A, a sodium chloride, acetic acid （NaCl,CH₃COOH） solution saturated with H₂S at ambient temperature and pressure, or Solution B, a synthetic seawater solution saturated with H₂S at ambient temperature and pressure.  After a specified time the test specimens shall be removed and evaluated.