本文首先分别介绍了钢铁工业不同层次的几种能耗评价方法，分别是对应的是流程、企业及单元或工序三个层次的吨钢综合能耗、吨钢可比能耗、工序能耗的基本概念，研究方法及其不足，同时就吨钢可比能耗、吨钢综合能耗在所包含工序、计算方法、考虑范围、适用范围等方面差异进行阐述。其次，阐述了能源效率的基本概念及其目前国内外研究现状，总结了当前国内外对能源效率评估的两种方法，分别是单要素能源效率评价法和全要素能源效率分析法，最后指出单要素能源效率评价法和全要素能源效率分析法研究局限。

Firstly, this paper introduces several energy consumption evaluation methods at different levels of the steel industry, which correspond to the basic concepts of comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel, comparable energy consumption per ton of steel, process energy consumption in the process, enterprise and unit and research methods and their deficiencies. At the same time, the differences in the energy consumption per ton of steel and the comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel are explained in terms of the included processes, calculation methods, scope of consideration, and scope of application. Secondly, the basic concepts of energy efficiency and its current research status at home and abroad were explained, the two methods of energy efficiency assessment at home and abroad are summarized, namely single factor energy efficiency evaluation method and total factor energy efficiency analysis method. Finally, the limitations of the single factor energy efficiency evaluation method and the total factor energy efficiency analysis method were pointed out.