体内抗生物膜效率评价：取自大鼠股骨的 Ti + NIR 和 Ti-M/I/ RGD+NIR 植入物的 SEM 图像。 比例尺：200 μm（左）、50 μm（中心）和 5 μm（右）。 植入后从股骨中拔出 4 周后，SEM 图像显示 Ti-M/I/RGD + S. a + NIR 组显示出明显的细菌清除和骨相关细胞粘附的证据，而生物膜仍存在于 Ti + NIR 棒（图 6G）。 因此，Ti-M/I/RGD 样品在 NIR 照射下通过 PDT/PTT 的协同反应显示出有效的体内抗菌能力。

Anti-biofilm efficiency assessment in vivo：SEM images of Ti + NIR and Ti-M/I/ RGD+NIR implants taken from rat femurs. Scale bar: 200 μm (left), 50 μm (center) and 5 μm (right). After being pulled out from femur after implantation for 4 weeks, SEM images showed that Ti-M/I/RGD + S. a + NIR group displayed a clear evidence of bacteria elimination and bone-relative cells adhesion, whereas biofilm still presented on the Ti + NIR rod (Fig. 6G). Accordingly, the Ti-M/I/RGD sample displayed effective antibacterial ability in vivo by the synergistic reaction of PDT/PTT under NIR irradiation.