体外细胞相容性评估：研究了制备的 Ti-M/I/RGD 底物的细胞相容性，以表明其生物医学应用的潜力。通过 CLSM 观察到 MSC 在不同基材上的初始粘附形态（图 5A）。分别培养 6 小时和 24 小时后，在不同基质上培养的 MSCs 的代表性形态。MSC 用 H33258（细胞核，蓝色）和罗丹明鬼笔环肽（肌动蛋白丝，红色）染色（比例尺：100 μm）。 箭头代表细胞伪足。与 Ti 和 Ti-M 样品相比，粘附在 RGD 肽固定的 Ti-M 板（Ti-M/RGD 和 Ti-M/I/RGD）上的 MSC 在最初 6 小时显示出良好的铺展形状和更多的细胞伪足。 培养 24 小时后，所有基质上的贴壁细胞数量均增加。 值得注意的是，在 Ti-M/RGD 和 Ti-M/I/RGD 样品上观察到更好的扩散行为，表明 ICG 吸附对 MSCs 的粘附和增殖没有负面影响。

Cytocompatibility assessment in vitro The cytocompatibility of the fabricated Ti-M/I/RGD substrate was investigated to indicate the potential for biomedical application. The initial adhesive morphologies of MSCs on different substrates were observed by CLSM (Fig. 5A). Representative morphology of MSCs cultured on different substrates after incubation for 6 and 24h, respectively. MSCs were stained with H33258 (nuclei, blue) and rhodamine-phalloidin (actin filaments, red) (scale bar: 100 μm). Arrows represent cellular pseudopodia.

Compared with Ti and Ti-M samples, MSCs adhered on RGD peptide immobilized Ti-M plates (Ti-M/RGD and Ti- M/I/RGD) displayed well spreading shape with more cellular pseudopodia at the initial 6 h. After culture for 24 h, the number of adherent cells increased on all substrates. Notably, better spreading behaviour was observed on Ti-M/RGD and Ti-M/I/RGD samples, indicating that ICG adsorption had no negative effect on MSCs adhesion and proliferation.