本发明涉及一种电子束冷床炉制备钛及钛合金铸锭的表面裂纹控制办法，该方法包括首先准备钛或钛合金料，装料、抽空和预热，使其达到熔炼条件；熔炼过程中，控制电子束冷床炉的液压缸每15~25s向上推动1次，每次3~5mm；控制电子束冷床炉的1号枪功率在400~550kw、2号枪功率在400~550kw、3号枪功率在350~450kw、4号枪功率在250~350kw、水流量控制在1500~1900L/min间；并控制熔速及拉锭速度；熔炼结束后，冷却4h后出锭，得到铸锭。本发明生产过程简单，容易操作实现，通过控制反推距离、反推频率、熔炼速度等参数，消除了铸锭表面裂纹，提高了铸锭成材率，易于推广应用。

The invention relates to a surface crack control method for preparing titanium and titanium alloy cast ingots from an electron beam cold bed furnace. The method comprises the following steps that firstly titanium or titanium alloy material is prepared, loading, evacuating and preheating are performed, so that the melting condition is achieved; in the smelting process, a hydraulic cylinder of the electron beam cold bed furnace is controlled to be pushed up for 1 time every 15-25 s, and each time the hydraulic cylinder is pushed up for 3-5 mm; the power of a gun 1 of the electron beam cold bed furnace is 400-550 kw, the power of a 2 gun is 400-550 kw, the power of a gun 3 is 350-450 kw, the power of a gun 4 is 250-350 kw, and the water flow is controlled to be at 1500-1900 L/min; the smelting speed and the ingot pulling speed are controlled; and after smelting is finished, the ingots are discharged after being cooled for 4 hours, and then the cast ingots are obtained. According to the method, the production process is simple and easy to operate and realize; parameters such as the reverse pushing distance, the reverse pushing frequency and the smelting speed are controlled; surface cracks of the cast ingots are eliminated; the yield of the cast ingots is improved; and the method is easy to popularize and apply.