本发明公开了一种采用难熔金属基的弥散微封装棒状燃料元件及反应堆，包括基体和多重包覆结构燃料颗粒，所述基体内部设置有多个用于容纳所述多重包覆结构燃料颗粒的燃料空腔，所述多重包覆结构燃料颗粒设置在所述燃料空腔内；所述多重包覆结构燃料颗粒包括燃料核心及包覆在所述燃料核心外侧的无燃料层；本发明通过将多个多重报复结构燃料颗粒设置在基体内的燃料空腔内，从而省去了燃料元件无包壳，避免了芯块‑包壳力学相互作用，结构简单，能够节省堆芯空间，减少传热间隙，有效降低燃料运行温度，包容裂变产物能力强，宏观辐照肿胀量低、抗高温失效能力强，安全性高，适用于高温反应堆对堆芯小型化、高温高固有安全性的要求。

The invention discloses a dispersed micro-encapsulated rod fuel element and reactor using a refractory metal base, including a substrate and a multi-encapsulated structure fuel particle. The substrate is provided with multiple fuel cavities for accommodating the multi-encapsulated structure fuel particles, and the multi-encapsulated structure fuel particles are arranged in the fuel cavity. The multi-coated structure fuel particles include a fuel core and a fuel-free layer coated on the outside of the fuel core ; by setting multiple fuel particles with multiple retaliatory structures in the fuel cavity of the matrix, the invention eliminates the fuel element without cladding and avoids the mechanical interaction between the core and the cladding. The structure is simple, which can save the core space, reduce the heat transfer gap, effectively reduce the fuel operating temperature, have strong ability to contain fission products, low macroscopic irradiation swelling, strong resistance to high temperature failure, and high safety. It is suitable for the requirements of high temperature reactor for core miniaturization and high temperature and high inherent safety.