图11(e)显示了安装的等效电路。Rsvalue代表溶液电阻。Rdland分别代表金属/电解质界面的电荷转移电阻和双电层。这两个量描述了第一个高频容量环路。R1和cpe1分别代表薄膜电阻和电容，它们描述了低频下的第二电容环路。CPE是一个恒定的相位元素，用于补偿系统中的非均匀性

Figure 11(e) shows the equivalent circuit of the installation. Rsvalue represents the resistance of the solution. Rdland represents the charge transfer resistance and electric double layer at the metal/electrolyte interface, respectively. These two quantities describe the first high-frequency capacity loop. R1 and cpe1 represent thin-film resistors and capacitors, respectively, and they describe the second capacitor loop at low frequencies. CPE is a constant phase element used to compensate for non-uniformities in the system